With proper treatment and care, HIV-positive women can have healthy pregnancies and HIV-negative babies.

Preconception Planning:
HIV-positive women planning pregnancy should optimize their health, achieve viral suppression, and discuss treatment options with healthcare providers.

Antiretroviral Therapy:
Continue or start ART during pregnancy. Dolutegravir-based regimens are recommended by WHO with appropriate counseling.

Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission:
With effective ART and proper care, the risk of transmission can be reduced to less than 1%.

Prenatal Care:
Regular prenatal visits, viral load monitoring, and adherence support are essential throughout pregnancy.

Delivery Planning:
Vaginal delivery is recommended for women with viral load <1000 copies/mL. Cesarean section may be recommended for higher viral loads.

Infant Prophylaxis:
Newborns receive antiretroviral prophylaxis for 4-6 weeks to further reduce transmission risk.

Breastfeeding Considerations:
In resource-rich settings, formula feeding is recommended. In resource-limited settings, breastfeeding with maternal ART may be appropriate.

Postpartum Care:
Continue ART after delivery, monitor infant for HIV, and provide support for maternal mental health.